What is the primary function of promulgation in canon law?

• A. To publish the law officially so that it becomes known and binding
• B. To enforce penalties for violation
• C. To amend a law after it is enacted
• D. To appoint bishops

Answer: (A)

Promulgation is the act of making canon law known to the faithful by the proper authority, so that the law becomes binding. Knowledge of the law is essential for obligation; without promulgation, a rule exists in theory but does not affect people's acts. Once it is promulgated, the law takes effect according to its terms or from the date specified, and it binds all those under the jurisdiction.

Enforcement of penalties comes after the law is promulgated, as part of applying the rule. Amending a law is a separate legislative step that changes the rule itself, not just announcing it. Appointing bishops is an governance action unrelated to the process of making laws known.